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Laravel Passport教程优化版本

1. 环境搭建

在开始之前，确保已完成以下步骤：

• 安装 Laravel 和相关依赖：

  composer require laravel/laravelphp artisan migrate

• 生成密码授权客户端密钥：

  php artisan passport:keys

• 配置根路径推送 MIDI：

  php artisan vendor:publish --tag=passport

2. 配置步骤

• 注册 route 和模型：

  use App\Models\Passport\Token;use App\Models\Passport\Client;class AuthServiceProvider extends ServiceProvider{    protected function boot()    {        $this->registerPolicies();        Passport::routes();        Passport::useTokenModel(Token::class);        Passport::useClientModel(Client::class);    }}

• 设置 Token 过期时间：

  Passport::tokensExpireIn(now()->addDays(15));Passport::refreshTokensExpireIn(now()->addDays(30));Passport::personalAccessTokensExpireIn(now()->addMonths(6));

3. 高级模型定制

• 自定义 Token 模型：

  namespace App\Models\Passport;use Laravel\Passport\HasApiTokens;class Token extends HasApiTokens{    public function scopeActivities()    {        return $this->scopes('activities:results');    }}

4. 客户端管理

• 创建新客户端：

  php artisan passport:client

• API 管理客户端：

  axios.get('/oauth/clients')    .then(response => {        console.log(response.data);    });

• 更新客户端信息：

  axios.put('/oauth/clients/' + clientId, data)    .then(response => {        console.log(response.data);    })    .catch(response => {        console.error(response.data);    });

• 删除客户端：

  axios.delete('/oauth/clients/' + clientId)    .then(response => {        console.log(response.data);    });

5. 授权模式显示详细步骤

• 获取授权码：

  Route::get('/redirect', function (Request $request) {    $state = $request->session()->put('state', Str::random(40));    $query = http_build_query([        'client_id' => 'client-id',        'redirect_uri' => 'http://example.com/callback',        'response_type' => 'code',        'scope' => '',        'state' => $state,    ]);    return redirect('http://your-app.com/oauth/authorize?'.$query);});

• 验证授权码：

  Route::get('/callback', function (Request $request) {    $state = $request->session()->pull('state');    throw_unless(strlen($state) > 0 && $state === $request->state, InvalidArgumentException::class);    $response = new GuzzleHttp\Client()        ->post('http://your-app.com/oauth/token', [            'form_params' => [                'grant_type' => 'authorization_code',                'client_id' => 'client-id',                'client_secret' => 'client-secret',                'redirect_uri' => 'http://example.com/callback',                'code' => $request->code,            ],        ]);    return json_decode((string) $response->getBody(), true);});

6. 密码模式

• 使用密码模式获取 Token：

  $http = new GuzzleHttp\Client;$response = $http->post('http://your-app.com/oauth/token', [    'form_params' => [        'grant_type' => 'password',        'client_id' => 'client-id',        'client_secret' => 'client-secret',        'username' => 'taylor@laravel.com',        'password' => 'my-password',        'scope' => '', // '*'仅限于密码模式和客户端模式    ],]);return json_decode((string) $response->getBody(), true);

7. 隐式模式示例

• 隐式模式获取 Token：

  Passport::enableImplicitGrant();Route::get('/redirect', function (Request $request) {    $state = $request->session()->put('state', Str::random(40));    $query = http_build_query([        'client_id' => 'client-id',        'redirect_uri' => 'http://example.com/callback',        'response_type' => 'token',        'scope' => '', // 可传递多个 scope        'state' => $state,    ]);    return redirect('http://your-app.com/oauth/authorize?'.$query);});

8. 客户端模式

• 注册客户端路由：

  use Laravel\Passport\Http\Middleware\CheckClientCredentials;protected $routeMiddleware = [    'client' => CheckClientCredentials::class,];Route::get('/orders', function (Request $request) {    // ...})->middleware('client');

• 自定义作用域权限：

  Passport::tokensCan([    'place-orders' => 'Place orders',    'check-status' => 'Check order status',]);Passport::setDefaultScope(['check-status', 'place-orders']);

9. 使用 access_token

$response = $client->request('/api/user', [    'headers' => [        'Accept' => 'application/json',        'Authorization' => 'Bearer ' . $accessToken,    },]);

10. Scope 管理

• 注册作用域检查中间件：

  $routeMiddleware = [    'scope' => CheckForAnyScope::class,    'scopers' => CheckScopes::class,];protected $routeMiddleware = array_merge(    $this->routeMiddleware,    [        'scope' => \Laravel\Passport\Http\Middleware\CheckForAnyScope::class,    ]);

11. 测试方法

• 测试 API 成功响应：

  $response = $this->get('/api/orders');$response->assertStatus(200);

• 测试 Token 验证失败：

  $response = $this->post('/api/orders', [], ['unauth']);$response->assertStatus(403);

12. 常见错误处理

• 错误日志记录：

  try {    // 执行业务逻辑} catch (\Exception $e) {    Log::error("系统错误: " . $e->getMessage());    throw $e;}

13. 事件监听

• 刷新令牌事件监听：

  protected $listen = [    Event::class . ':AccessTokenCreated' => [        Listen::baef('App\Listeners\RevokeOldTokens')    ],    Event::class . ':RefreshTokenCreated' => [        Listen::baef('App\Listeners\PruneOldTokens')    ],];

14. 进阶内容

• 自定义授权页面：

  php artisan vendor:publish --tag=passport-views

• Cookie animation 自定义：

  public function boot(){    $this->registerPolicies();    Passport::routes();    Passport::cookie('custom_name');}}class AuthServiceProvider extends ServiceProvider{    public function boot()    {        parent::boot();        $this->app->singleton(WebMiddleware::class, function () {            return new WebMiddleware();        });    }}

• 使用TestThese Methods：

  public function testServerCreation(){    Passport::actingAs(        factory(User::class)->create(), ['create-servers']    );    $response = $this->post('/api/create-server');    $response->assertStatus(201);}

• Client Mode 测试：

  public function testGetOrders(){    Passport::actingAsClient(        factory(Client::class)->create(), ['check-status']    );    $response = $this->get('/api/orders');    $response->assertStatus(200);}

文章参考的内容均基于最新版本的 Laravel Passport 文档，注重实用性和可读性，同时添加了一些高级功能的示例，旨在帮助开发者快速上手 Laravel Passport，灵活应对多种认证场景。

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